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Rangkuman dan Cara Cepat || Belajar Bahasa Inggris Materi Past Tense

RANGKUMAN BAHASA INGGRIS MATERI PAST TENSE

BAHASA INGGRIS – MATERI PAST TENSE

kumpulanmateri.com – Postingan ini akan memberikan rangkuman BAHASA INGGRIS yang mudah tentang PAST TENSE beserta contoh soal dan pembahasannya. Harus diketahui bahwa Tenses adalah perubahan bentuk kerja (verb) karena perubahan waktu dan sifat kejadian tertentu pada suatu konteks kalimat. Pada PAST TENSE memiliki perubahan waktu pada SIMPLE PAST TENSE, PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE, PAST PERFECT TENSE, PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE. Untuk lebih lengkapnya, silahkan disimak materi tentang PAST TENSE sebagai berikut.

Bahasa Inggris Materi Past Tense

◀ SIMPLE PAST TENSE ▶

Kegunaan atau Fungsi:
  • Untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang terjadi pada waktu lampau.
Keterangan waktu:
  • Last
  • Ago
  • Previously
  • Yesterday
  • in 1973
  • The day before yesterday.
Contoh Kalimat:
  • He bought a new bicycle last year.
Rumus Simple Past Tense:
Kalimat Verbal:
(+)
S + V2 + C / O / A
(–)
S + did not + V1 + C / O / A
(?)
Did + S + V1 + C / O / A?
 
Kalimat Nominal:
(+)
S + be (was / were) + C
(–)
S + be (was / were) not + C
(?)
Was / Were + S + C?

Contoh Simple Past Tense:
Kalimat Verbal:
(+)
John came here yesterday.
(–)
John did not come here yesterday.
(?)
Did John come here yesterday?
 
Kalimat Nominal:
(+)
She was in the hospital yesterday.
(–)
She was not in the hospital yesterday.
(?)
Were you in the hospital yesterday?

Semoga Bermanfaat 😁

◀ PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE ▶

Kegunaan atau Fungsi:
  • Untuk menunjukkan kegiatan atau peristiwa yang sedang berlangsung pada masa lampau.
Keterangan waktu:
  • When
  • As
  • While
Contoh Kalimat:
  • John was reading a book when I came.
  • John was being at home while I was reading.
Rumus Past Continuous Tense:
Kalimat Verbal:
(+)
S + be (was / were) + V–ing + C / O / A
(–)
S + be (was / were) not + V–ing + C / O / A
(?)
Was / Were + S + V–ing + C / O / A?
 
Kalimat Nominal:
(+)
S + be (was / were) + being + C
(–)
S + be (was / were) not + being + C
(?)
Was / Were + S + being + C?

Contoh Past Continuous Tense:
Kalimat Verbal:
(+)
I was sleeping when she arrived.
(–)
I was not sleeping when she arrived.
(?)
Were you sleeping when she came yesterday?
 
Kalimat Nominal:
(+)
She was being at home when her father died.
(–)
She was not being at home when her father died.
(?)
Were you being at home when your father died?

◀ PAST PERFECT TENSE ▶

Kegunaan atau Fungsi:
  • Untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang sudah selesai dikerjakan pada waktu lampau.
  • Tenses ini ditandai oleh peristiwa lain yang terjadi pada masa lampau.
Keterangan waktu:
  • for ...
  • when / after / before + S + V2
  • after / before + S + V2
Contoh Kalimat:
  • Johny had studied English for 2 hours before I came.
Rumus Past Perfect Tense:
Kalimat Verbal:
(+)
S + had + V3 + C / O / A
(–)
S + had not + V3 + C / O / A
(?)
Had + S + V3 + C / O / A?
 
Kalimat Nominal:
(+)
S + had + been + C
(–)
S + had not + been + C
(?)
Had + S + been + C?

Contoh Past Perfect Tense:
Kalimat Verbal:
(+)
I had gone to Jakarta before I met her.
(–)
I had not gone to Jakarta before I met her.
(?)
Had you gone to Jakarta before I met her?
 
Kalimat Nominal:
(+)
He had been in Jakarta before he got the bad news.
(–)
He had not been in Jakarta before he got the bad news.
(?)
Had He been in Jakarta before he got the bad news?

Semoga Bermanfaat 😁

◀ PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE ▶

Kegunaan atau Fungsi:
  • Untuk menyatakan kegiatan yang masih dikerjakan pada saat kejadian lain terjadi di waktu lampau.
  • Tenses ini juga ditandai oleh peristiwa lain yang terjadi pada masa lampau.
  • Adverb pada tenses ini adalah sama dengan bentuk Present Perfect Tense.
Keterangan waktu:
  • for ...
  • when / after / before + S + V2
  • after / before + S + V2
Contoh Kalimat:
  • Johny had been studying English for 2 hours before I came.
  • They had been being in the office when their boss came.
Rumus Past Perfect Continuous Tense:
Kalimat Verbal:
(+)
S + had + been + V–ing + C / O / A
(–)
S + had not + been + V–ing + C / O / A
(?)
Had + S + been + V–ing + C / O / A?
 
Kalimat Nominal:
(+)
S + had + been + being + C
(–)
S + had not + been + being + C
(?)
Had + S + been + being + C?

Contoh Past Perfect Continuous Tense:
Kalimat Verbal:
(+)
I had been living in London for 2 years before I moved to Italy.
(–)
I had not been living in London for 2 years before I moved to Italy.
(?)
Had you been living in London for 2 years before you moved to Italy?
 
Kalimat Nominal:
(+)
He had been being famous before he won the singing competition.
(–)
He had not been being famous before he won the singing competition.
(?)
Had he been being famous before he won the singing competition?

◀ CONTOH SOAL ▶

  1. 'Hari started learning to play chess when he was only five years old and won his first national chess competition when he was ten.'
    2. This means that Hari ______ to play chess very well before he was 10 years old.
    (a)
    had learned
    (b)
    was learning
    (c)
    would learned
    (d)
    will have learned
    (e)
    has learned
    ❤
    PEMBAHASAN:
     
    'Before Past' merupakan ciri bentuk Past Perfect (had + V3 / been) → 'had learned'.
     
    Jawaban: A

  2. 'When did you take the academic writing course?' 'Last year, after I ______ Composition II.'
    3. (a)
    complete
    (b)
    was completing
    (c)
    to complete
    (d)
    have completed
    (e)
    had completed
    ❤
    PEMBAHASAN:
     
    Kata-kata seperti after, as soon as, before adalah ciri untuk membuat pola kalimat dalam bentuk Past Perfect.
     
    Contoh:
     
    After (as soon as) + S + had + V3 + S + V2
     
    S + had + V3 + before S + V2.
     
    Kalau pernyataan ini dijawab lengkap, 'Last year, after I had completed composition II, I took the academic writing course.'
     
    Jawaban: E

  3. Vina:
    When did you get the letter?
    Fani:
    Yesterday. My Family ______ when the postman arrived.
    4. (a)
    have lunch
    (b)
    will have lunch
    (c)
    were having lunch
    (d)
    will have had lunch
    (e)
    have been having lunch
    ❤
    PEMBAHASAN:
     
    Dua kejadian yang dirangkai dengan kata 'when' tenses-nya harus seimbang → 'past + when + past'.
     
    Jawaban: C

  4. The librarian suddenly heard a noise.
    5. Librarian:
    What was that noise?
    Students:
    I Dropped some books while I ______ Them to the table.
    (a)
    carry
    (b)
    carried
    (c)
    was carrying
    (d)
    am carrying
    (e)
    have carried
    ❤
    PEMBAHASAN:
     
    Dua kalimat dapat digabung, kalau tenses-nya seimbang (Past-Past). Kata 'while' selalu diikuti bentuk continuous (V–ing).
     
    Menjadi → 'was carrying'.
     
    Jawaban: C

  5. My mother ______ in the kitchen everyday.
    6. (a)
    cook
    (b)
    cooking
    (c)
    is cooking
    (d)
    cooks
    (e)
    cooked
    ❤
    PEMBAHASAN:
     
    Keterangan waktu everyday menunjukkan kebiasaan, maka tensesnya adalah Simple Present: My mother + cooks + in the kitchen everyday.
     
    Jawaban: D

  6. Susi began to study English in 1986. She is still studying English now.
    7. This sentences could be expressed: Susi ______ English since 1986.
    (a)
    studies
    (b)
    is studying
    (c)
    has been studying
    (d)
    will be studying
    (e)
    have been studying
    ❤
    PEMBAHASAN:
     
    Kata since merupakan ciri-ciri bentuk perfect (lihat teori). Jawaban yang tepat yaitu has been studying.
     
    Jawaban: C

Semoga Bermanfaat 😁

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